بایگانی برچسب برای: Aging

Proteases.in.Physiology.and.Pathology.[taliem.ir]

Proteases in Physiology and Pathology

Mitoproteases display an essential role in the preservation of mitochondrial homeostasis under regular and stress conditions. These enzymes perform tightly regulated proteolytic reactions by which they participate in mitochondrial protein traffcking, processing and activation of proteins, protein quality control, regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, control of mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and apoptosis. In this chapter, we have revised the physiological functions of the intrinsic mitochondrial proteases, analyzing their roles in the different compartments of this organelle and their connection to human pathology, primarily cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and multisystemic diseases.
Neuroepigenomics.in.Aging.and.Disease.[taliem.ir]

Neuroepigenomics in Aging and Disease

From an epigenetic perspective, the genomic chromatin organization of neurons exhibits unique features when compared to somatic cells. Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), through its ability to bind to methylated DNA, seems to be a major player in regulating such unusual organization. An important contribution to this uniqueness stems from the intrinsically disordered nature of this highly abundant chromosomal protein in neurons. Upon its binding to methylated/ hydroxymethylated DNA, MeCP2 is able to recruit a plethora of interacting protein and RNA partners. The fnal outcome is a highly specialized chromatin organization wherein linker histones (histones of the H1 family) and MeCP2 share an organizational role that dynamically changes during neuronal development andthat it is still poorly understood. MeCP2 mutations alter its chromatin-binding dynamics and/or impair the ability of the protein to interact with some of its partners, resulting in Rett syndrome (RTT). Therefore, deciphering the molecular details involved in the MeCP2 neuronal chromatin arrangement is critical for our understanding of the proper and altered functionality of these cells.
Alcohol.and.Aging.Clinical.and.Public.Health.[taliem.ir]

Alcohol and Aging

Population ageing is taking place in nearly all the countries of the world and this is expected to continue over the coming years . Alcohol problems often occur in later life and are associated with notable social, psychological, physical and economic consequences; however, in later life alcohol problems are often less obvious, misdiagnosed or go under-detected and under-reported . Alcohol consumption and alcohol-related deaths or problems have recently increased among older age groups in many developed countries, including the USA, Australia and several countries of the European Union . This increase in consumption, in combination with the ageing of populations worldwide, means that the absolute number of older people with alcohol problems is on the increase and a real danger exists that a “silent epidemic” may be evolving . Although there is growing recognition of this public health problem ,clinicians consistently under-detect alcohol problems and under-deliver behaviour change interventions to older people while nurses report that they do not engage with older people as they worry about depriving them of the social benefts of drinking . In order for health professionals to successfully intervene with older people who are experiencing alcohol problems, it is important to understand the underlying factors that may increase exposure to, or consumption of, alcohol. An understanding of the different trajectories among older drinkers may also help health professional in directing treatment towards those affected more severely .
Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with[taliem.ir]

Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol

As the automotive catalytic converter must perform its function independent of the fuel used in flexible fuel vehicles, this paper aims to analyze how operation with ethanol influence catalytic converter performance. To conduct the study, three catalytic converters were aged in a vehicle operating on a chassis dynamometer by 30,000 km. During aging of the first catalytic converter the vehicle was fueled with gasoline containing 22% v/v of anhydrous ethanol, while the second and third catalytic converters were aged using hydrous ethanol (4.9% v/v of water) as fuel, but with different operating temperatures of the catalytic converters. Different tests were performed for each catalytic converter: determination of the degradation factor, surface area analysis by the Brunauer Emmett Teller method (BET), evaluation of oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and determination of conversion efficiency using synthetic gas. The results revealed that the operating temperature is the primary parameter to influence catalytic converter aging.
The role of job alienation in work ability[taliem.ir]

The role of job alienation in work ability deterioration and unhealthy ageing

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this study is to illustrate how, within the nursing profession, work ability can be deteriorated by a job alienation  mechanism which acts differently according to age. From the total number of nurses participating …