توضیحات
ABSTRACT
There is a growing interest in the use of fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) as a participatory method for understanding social-ecological systems (SESs). In recent years, FCM has been used in a diverse set of contexts ranging from fisheries management to agricultural development, in an effort to generate transparent graphical models of complex systems that are useful for decision making, illuminate the core presumptions of environmental stakeholders, and structure environmental problems for scenario development. This increase in popularity is because of FCM’s bottom-up approach and its ability to incorporate a range of individual, community-level, and expert knowledge into an accessible and standardized format. Although there has been an increase in the use of FCM as an environmental planning and learning tool, limited progress has been made with regard to the method’s relationship to existing resilience frameworks and how the use of FCM compares with other participatory modeling/approaches available. Using case study data developed from community-driven models of the bushmeat trade in Tanzania, we examine the usefulness of FCM for promoting resilience analysis among stakeholders in terms of identifying key state variables that comprise an SES, evaluating alternative SES equilibrium states, and defining desirable or undesirable state outcomes through scenario analysis.
INTRODUCTION
Over the last several years, considerable research effort has been dedicated to understanding the drivers of change within socialecological systems (SESs) that can alter the system’s function to the point where human well-being, conservation, or other environmental management goals are compromised. These research efforts have focused primarily on analyzing and understanding the attributes governing these systems’ dynamics, specifically those significant enough to shift the system into an alternative regime (Walker et al. 2004). Understanding the structure, defined dynamic relationships, and movement toward or away from alternate regimes has been suggested as a starting point to understand resilience and change across a range of SESs (see Carpenter et al. 2001, Walker et al. 2002, Brooks and Adger 2004, Folke 2006, Füssel and Klein 2006, Gallopín 2006). Although there are some variations in the literature with regard to the definition of resilience (Brand and Jax 2007) depending on the application in either an ecological (Holling 1973, Gunderson and Holling 2002) or social (Adger 2000) system context, it is generally considered to be the capacity of a system to experience shocks while retaining a certain qualitative condition, including the same identity, structure, functions, and feedbacks (Walker et al. 2004).
Year: 2015
Publisher : Scopus
By : Steven A. Gray , Stefan Gray , Jean Luc De Kok , Ariella E. R. Helfgott , Barry O’Dwyer , Rebecca Jordan and Angela Nyaki
File Information: English Language/ 14 Page / size: 2,240 KB
Download: click
سال : 2015
ناشر : Scopus
کاری از : Steven A. Gray , Stefan Gray , Jean Luc De Kok , Ariella E. R. Helfgott , Barry O’Dwyer , Rebecca Jordan and Angela Nyaki
اطلاعات فایل : زبان انگلیسی / 14 صفحه / حجم : KB 2,240
لینک دانلود : روی همین لینک کلیک کنید
نقد و بررسیها
هنوز بررسیای ثبت نشده است.