توضیحات
ABSTRACT
Photosynthesis has walked into the path of evolution for over millions of years. Organisms relying directly on photosynthesis, when subjected to adverse environments for a long duration, experience retardation in their rowth and development. Salinity stress is perceived as one of the major threats to agriculture as it can cause an irreversible damage to the photosynthetic apparatus at any developmental stage of the plant. However, halophytes, a special category of plants, carry out all life processes, including photosynthesis, without showing any compromise even under high saline environments. The fascinating mechanism for Na+ exclusion from cytosol besides retaining photosynthetic efficiency in halophytes can provide a valuable genetic resource for improving salt stress tolerance in glycophytes. Understanding how plants stabilize their photosynthetic machinery and maintain the carbon balance under saline conditions can be extremely useful in designing crops for saline and dry lands.
INTRODUCTION
The most accepted theory of evolution by Oparin-Haldane hypothesized that the early cells, evolved during the highly reduced primitive atmosphere on the Earth, were simple heterotrophic cells. These unicellular organisms survived on organic compounds present at the ocean floor. As organic matter begun to deplete due to a highly reduced environment (and organic material was not synthesized), cells gradually evolved from being heterotroph to autotroph. This change enabled the cells to use either chemical compounds or sunlight to synthesize organic material for food (Stanley 1973, Lazcano and Miller 1996). Plants, as sessile autotrophic organisms, are capable of
harvesting light energy and converting it into chemical energy, which is used later as the carbon source. The process of synthesis of carbohydrates by green plants or pigmented organisms by utilizing carbon dioxide and water with the release of oxygen, in the presence of sunlight, is called ‘photosynthesis’.
Year: ۲۰۱8
Publisher : SPINGER
By : S. WUNGRAMPHA, R. JOSHI, S.L. SINGLA-PAREEK, and A. PAREEK
File Information: English Language/ 16 Page / size: 2.53 MB
سال : ۱۳۹6
ناشر : SPINGER
کاری از : S. WUNGRAMPHA, R. JOSHI, S.L. SINGLA-PAREEK, and A. PAREEK
اطلاعات فایل : زبان انگلیسی / 16 صفحه / حجم : MB 2.53
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