Professional Training of Future Green Economy Specialists and[taliem.ir]

Professional Training of Future Green Economy Specialists and Strategic Priorities for Sustainable Subsurface Management

On the brink of the third millennium humanity has been showing a special interest in the environment. This article provides definitions of the term “sustainable development” and explains how to achieve it by implementing the new development model known as “the green economy”; it also shows the role and place of education in the overall set of tools and mechanisms that assist in transitioning to the green economy principles. The authors substantiate the importance and necessity of preparing specialists for the green economy as the first step towards its implementation. They give an example of an interdisciplinary training module designed to prepare future specialists. This module can easily be integrated in the student’s individual training course. We describe the advantages and benefits of the suggested educational module.
The disclosure of environmental[taliem.ir]

The disclosure of environmental conservation costs and its relation to eco-effciency

Purpose – This paper aims to examine whether the amount of costs disclosed as relating to environmental controls is associated with environmental performance in terms of carbon-based eco-effciency, and whether any relation supports voluntary disclosure theory or legitimacy theory arguments. Further, this paper attempts to determine whether the relations differ across the initial Kyoto Protocol period. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the focus was on Japanese frms over the period from 2002 to 2012. Disclosed environmental control costs (capital expenditures and operating costs) were identifed and eco-effciency measures based on carbon emissions were calculated. Relations were tested for using regression models controlling for other potential impact factors. Findings – This study’s results indicate a negative relation between disclosed levels of environmental control costs and eco-effciency performance measures, and, for two of our three eco-effciency metrics, this is more pronounced over the Kyoto Protocol period. Research limitations/implications – These results support a legitimacy theory (as opposed to voluntary disclosure theory) explanation for the relation between the levels of disclosed environmental control costs and carbon-based eco-effciency. Originality/value – This study is the frst to explore how flexibility in cost classifcation may be used by companies to foster a disclosure strategy.
The effects of air pollution on mortality in South Korea[taliem.ir]

The effects of air pollution on mortality in South Korea

It is well known that air pollution has the negative effect on human health. This study is dealt with the relationship between air pollutant level and standardized mortality between 2005 and 2013 in Korea. The standardized mortality are collected by the 251 administrative districts using KOSIS (Korean Statistical Information Service) and the air pollutant data collected from air pollutant monitoring sites. The statistical interpolation technique is adapted to solve the problem of spatial misalignment between air pollutant and administrative districts. In addition, SaTScan is used to detecting the high relatively risk area based on spatial and temporal characteristics. It can help determining other external factors to mortality.
Waste management sector value changes in Lithuania along the last[taliem.ir]

Waste management sector value changes in Lithuania along the last decade

Waste management sector has negative aspects in public opinion as the pollution causing activity, but there is the other effect side of impact – an opportunity to reduce the environmental pollution regarding long term consequences. The waste management activity and sector by itself creates the value for the environment. The aim of the article is to present the results of critical analyze of sector value in relation to waste management; key waste management sector drivers – the waste generators. The article presents the research results of the waste management sector value changes in Lithuania along the last decade. Methodologies used for the research and presented in the article are the analysis and synthesis of scientific literature on critical review of waste management models used to be in Lithuania, statistical analysis, qualitative investigation of national policies influence to the results.
Cost Efficiency of Low Impact Development (LID) Stormwater[taliem.ir]

Cost Efficiency of Low Impact Development (LID) Stormwater Management Practices

Stormwater management has focused increasingly on Low Impact Development (LID) techniques in recent years. Although their effectiveness has been demonstrated in a number of cases, methodologies for the selection of most appropriate solutions for individual sites are still evolving. The cost efficiency of implementing a wide range of LID techniques in a proposed land development in the City of London, Ontario, Canada was investigated using continuous hydrologic simulation and a recently developed LID costing tool. The results indicate that infiltration trench and infiltration trench in combination with green roof were the most cost efficient solutions for runoff reduction.
Bistability and Switching Properties of Semiconductor[taliem.ir]

Bistability and Switching Properties of Semiconductor Ring Lasers With External Optical Injection

We investigate both analytically and numerically the switching, locking and stability properties of a bistable semiconductor ring laser subject to an external optical injection. Minimum optical power required for the injected signal at certain frequency to switch the lasing direction of a bistable semiconductor ring laser from its initially lasing direction to initially nonlasing direction is determined. Locking to the injected signal and stability of the switched laser are investigated to give an area of reliable switching operation. Correspondingly, numerical simulation has been carried out to find successful switching and stable locking region with variable injection power and frequency, and is compared with the analytical results. The region obtained from simulation coincides well with the intersection of switching, locking and stable locking regions. The relation between switching speed and parameters of injected source is also studied numerically.
Rate-equation-based VCSEL thermal model and simulation[taliem.ir]

Rate-equation-based VCSEL thermal model and simulation

In this paper, we present a simple thermal model of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) light-current (LI) characteristics based on the rate-equation. The model can be implemented in conventional SPICE-like circuit simulators, including HSPICE, and be used to simulate the key features of VCSEL. The results compare favorably with experimental data from a device reported in the literature. The simple empirical model is especially suitable for Computer Aided Design (CAD), and greatly simplifies the design of optical communication systems.
Power Management over Co-channel Femtocells in[taliem.ir]

Power Management over Co-channel Femtocells in LTE-A Systems

The use of femtocells has been an attractive solution since it achieves better coverage and capacity and low cost for deployment and maintenance. However, their performance can be compromised by the cross-tier interference with existing macrocell infrastructure or between adjacent femtocells, especially in the case of co-channel deployment. One way to address this, is adjusting the transmit power of every femto base station with respect for overall performance. To this direction, we have implemented a framework that simulates femtocell overlays over LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) macrocellular systems. The framework allows power management over user-defined femtocell deployment, deciding their power levels according to three different power schemes. The resulting throughput is presented for every point of the macrocell in a user-friendly GUI. In this paper, we present the design of this framework and discuss the results.
Unit commitment by dynamic programming for[taliem.ir]

Unit commitment by dynamic programming for microgrid operational planning optimization and emission reduction

This paper presents a 24 hour ahead microgrid power planning using the approach of unit commitment by dynamic programming. The studied system comprises twelve PVbased active generators with embedded storage and three micro gas turbines. Based on the prediction of the energy available from the PV generator, the storage availability, the micro turbine emission characteristics and the load prediction, a central energy management system calculates a 24-hour ahead plan of the power references for three micro gas turbines and the active generators in order to minimize the CO2 equivalent emissions of the gas turbines.
Development of a FPGA Based Real-Time[taliem.ir]

Development of a FPGA Based Real-Time Power Analysis and Control for Distributed Generation Interface

Energy coming from renewable sources has become very important nowadays, mainly because of their negligible contribution to greenhouse gas generation. A problem that then arises is how to integrate these new sources into a traditional power grid, in such a manner as to maximize the efficiency and reliability of this new distributed generation (DG) system. The hardware to do that is generally a voltage source inverter (VSI) that supplies a common load, as in single-phase residential and commercial applications. The optimizing process requires, of course, the usual power analysis. This paper presents the development and the experimental evaluation of a power control system for a single-phase grid-connected VSI including the power analysis using as processor for the control implementation a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit. New hardware structures of adaptive linear neural networks (ADALINE) allow the implementation of power control algorithms and have also permitted the real-time analysis of the high-order harmonics without increasing the implementation area of the FPGA circuit. These features are ideal for novel DG power electronics interfaces that could be used not only for active power dispatch but also for harmonics and reactive power compensation. Simulation and experimental results of the proposed fixed and variable frequency schemes are included to confirm their validity.