بایگانی برچسب برای: Nanoparticles

A simple thermodynamic model for the[taliem.ir]

A simple thermodynamic model for the doping and alloying of nanoparticles

Impurity incorporation into nanoparticles is modeled using thermodynamics. For small particles, entropically driven impurity incorporation is reduced, rendering doping difficult. We show that the free energy of surface impurities in small nanoparticles is lower than core impurities, surface doping therefore occurs preferentially. A critical size for core doping is identified, below which it is energetically unfavorable. In all cases, core impurity concentration is reduced as particle size decreases. We show larger than bulk impurity concentrations are possible, corresponding to increased alloying.
A simple thermodynamic model for the[taliem.ir]

A simple thermodynamic model for the doping and alloying of nanoparticles

Impurity incorporation into nanoparticles is modeled using thermodynamics. For small particles, entropically driven impurity incorporation is reduced, rendering doping difficult. We show that the free energy of surface impurities in small nanoparticles is lower than coreimpurities, surface doping therefore occurs preferentially. A critical size for core doping isidentified, below which it is energetically unfavorable. In all cases, core impurity concentration is reduced as particle size decreases. We show larger than bulk impurity concentrations arepossible, corresponding to increased alloying
A REVIEW ON NANOFLUIDS - PART II[taliem.ir]

A REVIEW ON NANOFLUIDS – PART II: EXPERIMENTS AND APPLICATIONS

Research in convective heat transfer using suspensions of nanometer-sized solid particles in base liquids started only over the past decade. Recent investigations on nanofluids, as such suspensions are often called, indicate that the suspended nanoparticles markedly change the transport properties and heat transfer characteristics of the suspension. This second part of the review covers fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in forced and free convection flows and potential applications of nanofluids. Opportunities for future research are identified as well.